Application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Upper Limb Motor Function Following Cerebral Infarction: A Clinical Case Analysis

Abstract

Background. Cerebral infarction, a form of acute cerebrovascular disorder affecting the brain or spinal cord, presents with focal neurological symptoms that persist for more than 24 hours post-onset. Managing complications arising from cerebral infarction typically involves a multifaceted and prolonged therapeutic approach. Recent advancements, such as the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have shown the potential to significantly accelerate the rehabilitation process by enhancing neuroplasticity and motor recovery.

Aim. The objective of this report is to present and discuss the clinical case of a patient who received transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as part of a rehabilitation program following cerebral infarction. This case aims to provide physicians across various specialties with insights into the therapeutic outcomes associated with TMS, highlighting its potential role in enhancing motor recovery during post-stroke rehabilitation.

Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical history of a patient who underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to enhance upper limb motor function following a cerebral infarction. The patient participated in an inpatient rehabilitation program (Rehabilitation Stage III) for 54 days, with TMS initiated on the 7th day. A total of 10 TMS sessions were administered. Functional outcomes were assessed and compared between the start and completion of the rehabilitation program, and results are presented as a clinical case analysis to illustrate the therapy’s impact.

Results. During rehabilitation, the patient’s independence improved. Muscle strength in the upper limbs increased: the right hand’s strength improved by 133.33%, and the left hand by 66.67%. Fine motor skills and dexterity in the hands also improved.

Conclusions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an emerging, effective approach in rehabilitative treatment. In this clinical case, marked improvements in the patient’s motor functions and independence were observed, supporting the efficacy of TMS as an adjunct  to standard rehabilitation techniques for enhancing functional recovery following a cerebral infarction.

Keywords: rehabilitation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, cerebral infarction, stroke.